Rare Silver & Gold Proof Malta 2004 100 Liras~2,988 Minted~Chair Of St.Peter~F/SRare Silver & Gold Proof Malta 2004 100 Liras~2,988 Minted~Chair Of St.Peter~F/S

Rare Silver & Gold Proof Malta 2004 100 Liras~2,988 Minted~Chair Of St.Peter~F/S

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1641039

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COIN5555 U.S. AND FOREIGN RARE COINS

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* Extremely Rare 32mm .999 Silver And Gold Gilded Proof Order Of Malta 2004-O.S.J. 100 Liras Featuring Pope John Paul II In The Chair Of Saint Peter. The Subject Of The Coin Translates To "From The Seat Of The Pope". This Coin Carries a Extreme Low Mintage Of 2,988. For History On The Chair Of Saint Peter Read Below;

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Chair of Saint Peter
Latin: Cathedra Petri
Rom, Vatikan, Petersdom, Cathedra Petri (Bernini) 4.jpg
Artist Gian Lorenzo Bernini
Year 1647"53 (1647"53)
Catalogue 61
Type Sculpture
Material Gilt bronze
Location St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City
Coordinates Coordinates: 41°54'8"N 12°27'12"Ę̵̄ / ̵̨̄41.90222°N 12.45333°Ę̵̄ / 41.90222; 12.45333

The Chair of Saint Peter (Latin: Cathedra Petri), also known as the Throne of Saint Peter, is a relic conserved in St. Peter's Basilica, enclosed in a sculpted gilt bronze casing that was designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini and executed between 1647 and 1653. The name derives from the Latin cathedra meaning chair or throne, which is used to denote the chair or seat of a bishop. The cathedra in St. Peter's Basilica was once used by the popes. Inside the Chair is a wooden throne, which, according to tradition, was used by Saint Peter. It was, however, actually a gift from Charles the Bald to Pope John VIII in 875.[1]

Like many medieval reliquaries it takes the form of the relic it protects, in this case a chair. Symbolically, the chair Bernini designed had no earthly counterpart in actual contemporary furnishings. It is formed entirely of scrolling members, enclosing a coved panel where the upholstery pattern is rendered as a low relief of Christ giving the keys to Peter. Large angelic figures flank an openwork panel beneath a highly realistic bronze seat cushion, vividly empty: the relic is encased within.[2]

The cathedra is lofted on splayed scrolling bars that appear to be effortlessly supported by four over-lifesize bronze Doctors of the Church: Western doctors St. Ambrose and St. Augustine of Hippo on the outsides, wearing miters, and Eastern doctors St. John Chrysostom and St. Athanasius on the insides, both bare-headed. The cathedra appears to hover over the altar in the basilica's apse, lit by a central tinted window through which light streams, illuminating the gilded glory of sunrays and sculpted clouds that surrounds the window. Like Bernini's Ecstasy of St Theresa, this is a definitive fusion[3] of the Baroque arts, unifying sculpture and richly polychrome architecture and manipulating effects of light.

Above, on the golden background of the frieze, is the Latin inscription: "O Pastor Ecclesiae, tu omnes Christi pascis agnos et oves" (O pastor of the Church, you feed all Christ's lambs and sheep). On the right is the same writing in Greek.[4] Behind the altar is placed Bernini's monument enclosing the wooden chair, both of which are seen as symbolic of the authority of the Bishop of Rome as Vicar of Christ and successor of Saint Peter.

History[edit]

The Chair of Saint Peter viewed through St. Peter's baldachin
Cathedra Petra within St Peters, Rome by Gianlorenzo Bernini

Early martyrologies indicate that two liturgical feasts were celebrated in Rome, centuries before the time of Charles the Bald, in honour of earlier chairs associated with Saint Peter, one of which was kept in the baptismal chapel of Saint Peter's Basilica, the other at the catacomb of Priscilla.[5] The dates of these celebrations were January 18 and February 22. No surviving chair has been identified with either of these chairs. The feasts thus became associated with an abstract understanding of the "Chair of Peter", which by synecdoche signifies the episcopal office of the Pope as Bishop of Rome, an office considered to have been first held by Saint Peter, and thus extended to the diocese, the See of Rome. Though both feasts were originally associated with Saint Peter's stay in Rome, the ninth-century form of the Martyrologium Hieronymianum associated the January 18 feast with his stay in Rome, and the February 22 feast with his stay at Antioch.

The two feasts were included in the Tridentine Calendar with the rank of Double, which Pope Clement VIII raised in 1604 to the newly invented rank of Greater Double. In 1960 Pope John XXIII removed from the General Roman Calendar eight feast days that were second feasts of a single saint or mystery: one of them was the January 18 feast of the Chair of Peter.[6] The February 22 celebration became a Second-Class Feast. This calendar was incorporated in the 1962 Roman Missal of Pope John XXIII, whose continued use Pope Benedict XVI authorized under the conditions indicated in his motu proprio Summorum Pontificum. In the new classification introduced in 1969 the February 22 celebration appears in the Roman Calendar with the rank of Feast. Those traditionalist Catholics who do not accept the changes made by Pope John XXIII continue to celebrate both feast days: "Saint Peter's Chair at Rome" on January 18 and the "Chair of Saint Peter at Antioch" on February 22.

*See Below For The Reason Why Proof Coins Are The Mints Best Work.

* Proof Coins Are More Valuable In General Than Most Business Strike Coins, Primarily Because Of Their Lower Mintage's. Overall Proof Mintage's Are Almost Always Lower And For Some Countries Average Less Then 1% Of The Total Coin Production.

* Upgrade Or Start Your Collection Of Proof Coins. Proofs Are The Supreme Examples Of The Art Of Coin-making. All Coins Are Made by Having Blank Discs Of The Metal Struck With Enormous Force Between Dies. This Heavy Blow Impresses The Design On Each Side Of The Blank And Also Rounds The Edge. Proof Coins Are Made Similarly But There Are Many Painstaking Differences From Business Strike Coins. Proof Blanks Are Specially Treated, Hand-Polished, And Cleaned To Ensure High-Quality Strikes. The Blanks Are Then Fed Into Presses Fitted With Specially Polished Dies And Struck at Least Twice To Ensure Sharp, High Relief. The Coins Are Then Carefully Packaged To Showcase And Preserve Their Exceptional Finish. Cameo Coins Have Exquisite Frosted Relief. The Dies Are First Blasted With Hard Particles To Create a Frosted Effect. Each Proof Coin Is Minted With Extra Pressure For The Finish Detail, Afterwards They Are Individually Inspected And Are Not Touched Except With Gloved Hands. Even The Air Is Filtered To Exclude a Dust Free Environment. We Have Thousands Of Proof Coins And A Huge Selection Of Coins And Notes In Our Store.

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